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Food Addiction Institute
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STUDIES

Hepatic IGF1 mRNA was significantly lower in individuals with higher steatosis and NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) and was inversely related to glucose parameters, independent of circulating IGF-1. Among the IGFBP‟s, IGFBP2 and IGFBP4 were lower and IGFBP6 and IGFBP7 (also known as IGFBP-related protein 1) higher with increasing steatosis. Hepatic IGFBP6 and IGFBP7 mRNA were positively associated with NAS. IGFBP7 mRNA increased with increasing fibrosis. Hepatic IGFBP1 mRNA was inversely associated with glycemia and insulin resistance, with opposite relationships present for IGFBP3 and IGFBP7. GHRH increased circulating IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3, but decreased IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-6. These data demonstrate novel relationships of IGF-1 and IGFBPs with NAFLD severity and glucose control, with divergent roles seen for different IGFBPs. Moreover, the data provide new information on the complex effects of GHRH on IGFBPs.
Food addiction is an emerging area of both clinical and research interest. The current review discussed several definitional and conceptual categorisations that have been put forth to quantify food addiction. However, the YFAS 2·0 concept predominates the literature. Similarly, evidence shows some similarities of food addiction with established eating disorders, particularly BED. Thus, the current review supports two main areas of contention that warrant much more research; considering food addiction as a substance-related addiction or a behavioural-related addiction and if food addiction is distinct from established eating disorders. Further research is needed to continue to delineate and clarify controversies about similarities and differences in food addiction with other concepts and established disorders.
Relationship of IGF-1 and IGF-Binding Proteins to Disease Severity and Glycemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Stanley TL, Fourman LT, Zheng I, McClure CM, Feldpausch MN, Torriani M, Corey KE, Chung RT, Lee H, Kleiner DE, Hadigan CM, Grinspoon SK Relationship of IGF-1 and IGF-Binding Proteins to Disease Severity and Glycemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan 23;106(2):e520-e533. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa792 PMID: 33125080 Clinical Trial.
Relationship of IGF-1 and IGF-Binding Proteins to Disease Severity and Glycemia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

39 participants (18 randomized to tesamorelin and 21 randomized to placebo) had adequate liver specimens for RNA-Seq and had high-quality, reliable data. These 39 individuals with IGF1 and IGFBP mRNA expression data are included in the cross-sectional analyses. Circulating levels of IGF-1 and, from proteomics analysis, the IGFBPs, were available for 61 individuals (30 placebo and 31 tesamorelin) at baseline and 46 individuals (25 placebo and 21 tesamorelin) at 12 months.

61 men and women 18-70 years old with HIV infection and hepatic steatosis as evidenced by hepatic fat fraction  5% on 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Eligibility criteria included stable antiretroviral regimen for  3 months, CD4+ T cell count > 100 cells/mm3, HIV viral load < 400 copies/mL, no excess alcohol use (use < 20 g daily for women or < 30 g daily for men), no active hepatitis B, hepatitis C, cirrhosis or other
known hepatic disease, and no uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, defined byHbA1c ≥7%

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